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Morbidity and mortality in patients with hyperprolactinaemia: the PROLEARS study
Enrique Soto-Pedre1, Paul J Newey2,3, John S Bevan4
1Division of Molecular and Clinical MedicineSchool of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK e.soto@dundee.ac.uk.
Endocrine Connections
|September 29, 2017
Summary
Hyperprolactinaemia linked to pituitary tumors showed no increased health risks. However, other causes of high prolactin, like drug-induced, were associated with higher morbidity and mortality risks.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Reproductive Health
- Oncology
Background:
- High serum prolactin (hyperprolactinaemia) has a complex association with health outcomes.
- Previous studies show conflicting evidence regarding the risks of hyperprolactinaemia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between hyperprolactinaemia and subsequent morbidity and all-cause mortality.
- To differentiate risks based on the cause of hyperprolactinaemia.
Main Methods:
- A population-based, matched cohort study was conducted in Tayside, Scotland (1988-2014).
- Record linkage identified patients with hyperprolactinaemia and compared them to a matched control cohort.
- Survival analysis compared rates of death and incident admissions for various diseases.
Main Results:
- Hyperprolactinaemia from pituitary tumors did not increase risks for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, or bone fractures.
- Pituitary microadenomas showed no increased mortality, but macroadenomas, drug-induced, and idiopathic hyperprolactinaemia were linked to increased death risk.
- Drug-induced hyperprolactinaemia also increased risks for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, infections, and fractures, independent of prolactin levels.
Conclusions:
- Raised prolactin due to pituitary tumors is not associated with excess morbidity.
- While not directly caused by prolactin elevation, hyperprolactinaemia may serve as a biomarker for increased disease risk in specific patient subgroups.
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