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Understanding Immune Resistance to Infectious Bronchitis Using Major Histocompatibility Complex Chicken Lines
A P da Silva1, R Hauck2, H Zhou3
1A Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive VM3B, Davis, CA 95616.
Avian Diseases
|September 29, 2017
Summary
Researchers identified specific chicken lines resistant and susceptible to infectious bronchitis virus. Congenic line 331/B2 showed the most resistance, while 335/B19 was most susceptible, establishing a valuable animal model for future studies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Avian genetics
- Disease resistance
Background:
- Avian major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are critical for genetic resistance and susceptibility to infectious diseases.
- Establishing chicken models with defined resistance and susceptibility is crucial for understanding immune responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the resistance and susceptibility of different chicken lines based on their MHC B haplotype.
- To establish a resistant-susceptible chicken model for studying infectious bronchitis virus (IBV).
Main Methods:
- Evaluated eight congenic lines, two inbred lines, and three commercial chicken lines.
- Assessed immunologic responses including viral load, humoral immunity (IgG, IgA), histopathology, clinical signs, and immune cell populations after IBV challenge.
- Identified key parameters for determining resistance/susceptibility: respiratory signs, tracheal deciliation/inflammation, airsacculitis, viral shedding, and local humoral responses.
Main Results:
- Congenic line 331/B2 demonstrated the highest resistance to IBV.
- Congenic line 335/B19 exhibited the highest susceptibility to IBV.
- Specific clinical and immunological parameters effectively differentiated resistant and susceptible lines.
Conclusions:
- Congenic lines 331/B2 (resistant) and 335/B19 (susceptible) are suitable for use as an animal model.
- This model will facilitate further research into the mechanisms of chicken immune resistance against IBV.
