Growth and lasing performance of a Tm,Y:CaF₂ crystal

A Tm³⁺ ion and Y³⁺ ion co-doped CaF₂ crystal was grown and characterized, in which spectral and lasing performance was presented for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. Under diode end-pumping, in a continuous-wave regime, maximum output power of 453 mW was delivered under an absorption pump power of 2.5 W, corresponding to an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 17.9% and a slope efficiency of 21%. With a birefringent quartz plate, wavelength-tunable operation with a tunable range of more than 190 nm was realized. The results show that Tm,Y:CaF₂ is a promising laser crystal operating in a spectral region ranging from 1850 nm to 2050 nm.