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Complex Patterns of Admixture across the Indonesian Archipelago
Georgi Hudjashov1,2, Tatiana M Karafet3, Daniel J Lawson4
1Statistics and Bioinformatics Group, Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Molecular Biology and Evolution
|September 29, 2017
Summary
Genetic diversity in Indonesia is complex, with recent studies revealing intricate admixture patterns from Austronesian expansion and interactions with mainland Asian and South Asian populations.
Area of Science:
- Population Genetics
- Human Evolutionary Studies
- Genomic Diversity
Background:
- Indonesia, a vast island nation, possesses significant human genetic diversity but remains genetically undercharacterized.
- Existing genetic studies have not fully captured the complexity of Indonesian population history.
Purpose of the Study:
- To expand genome-scale data for Indonesian populations and surrounding regions.
- To analyze fine-scale admixture patterns, particularly focusing on the Holocene period.
- To investigate the genetic impact of migrations, including the Austronesian expansion.
Main Methods:
- Genome-scale data analysis for nearly 500 individuals from 25 populations.
- High-resolution haplotype diversity analysis.
- Focus on regional admixture patterns and historical population movements.
Main Results:
- Complex recent population history within Indonesia revealed.
- Philippine populations contributed genetically to early Austronesian expansion.
- Eastern Indonesia showed admixture lagging behind farming population arrival.
- Western Indonesia exhibited complex admixture from mainland Asian, Austronesian, and South Asian interactions.
Conclusions:
- Genetic admixture in Indonesia is a multifaceted process, varying between eastern and western regions.
- The Austronesian expansion's genetic impact unfolded over centuries with distinct regional patterns.
- Western Indonesia's genetic landscape is shaped by multiple historical contacts and demographic events.
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