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Updated: Feb 22, 2026
Optogenetic Functional MRI
Published on: April 19, 2016
Real-time Correction of Motion and Imager Instability Artifacts during 3D γ-Aminobutyric Acid-edited MR Spectroscopic
Eva Heckova1, Michal Považan1, Bernhard Strasser1
1From the High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria (E.H., M.P., B.S., G.J.H., P.A.M., S.T., W.B.); Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria (M.P., S.T., W.B.); Division of Neurosciences, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia (P.H.); Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (O.C.A., A.J.v.d.K.); Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia (P.K., B.U.); and 2nd Department of Neurology (P.V.) and Institute of Pathological Physiology (B.U.), Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Abstract:
Purpose To compare the involuntary head motion, frequency and B0 shim changes, and effects on data quality during real-time-corrected three-dimensional γ-aminobutyric acid-edited magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic imaging in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), patients with Parkinson disease (PD), and young and older healthy volunteers. Materials and Methods In this prospective study, MR spectroscopic imaging datasets were acquired at 3 T after written informed consent was obtained. Translational and rotational head movement, frequency, and B0 shim were determined with an integrated volumetric navigator. Head motion patterns and imager instability were investigated in 33 young healthy control subjects (mean age ± standard deviation, 31 years ± 5), 34 older healthy control subjects (mean age, 67 years ± 8), 34 subjects with MCI (mean age, 72 years ± 5), and 44 patients with PD (mean age, 64 years ± 8). Spectral quality was assessed by means of region-of-interest analysis. Group differences were evaluated with Bonferroni-corrected Mann-Whitney tests. Results Three patients with PD and four subjects with MCI were excluded because of excessive head motion (ie, > 0.8 mm translation per repetition time of 1.6 seconds throughout >10 minutes). Older control subjects, patients with PD, and subjects with MCI demonstrated 1.5, 2, and 2.5 times stronger head movement, respectively, than did young control subjects (1.79 mm ± 0.77) (P < .001). Of young control subjects, older control subjects, patients with PD, and subjects with MCI, 6%, 35%, 38%, and 51%, respectively, moved more than 3 mm during the MR spectroscopic imaging acquisition of approximately 20 minutes. The predominant movements were head nodding and "sliding out" of the imager. Frequency changes were 1.1- and 1.4-fold higher in patients with PD (P = .007) and subjects with MCI (P < .001), respectively, and B0 shim changes were 1.3-, 1.5-, and 1.9-fold higher in older control subjects (P = .005), patients with PD (P < .001), and patients with MCI (P < .001), respectively, compared with those of young control subjects (12.59 Hz ± 2.49, 3.61 Hz · cm-1 ± 1.25). Real-time correction provided high spectral quality in all four groups (signal-to-noise ratio >15, Cramér-Rao lower bounds < 20%). Conclusion Real-time motion and B0 monitoring provides valuable information about motion patterns and B0 field variations in subjects with different predispositions for head movement. Immediate correction improves data quality, particularly in patients who have difficulty avoiding movement. © RSNA, 2017 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
