Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and physical multimorbidity: A population-based study.

Area of Science:

• Psychiatry
• Public Health
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Limited research exists on the link between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and co-occurring physical diseases.
• Adult ADHD often remains undiagnosed, potentially leading to overlooked physical health comorbidities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between possible adult ADHD and physical multimorbidity in the English general population.
• To explore potential mediating factors in the relationship between adult ADHD and multiple physical conditions.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of data from 7274 adults (≥18 years) from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007.
• Assessment of ADHD symptoms using the Adult Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Screener.
• Statistical analysis including multivariable logistic regression and mediation analyses.

Main Results:

• A monotonic relationship was found between the number of physical diseases and possible ADHD.
• Individuals with 5 or more physical diseases had over 3 times higher odds of possible ADHD (OR: 3.30).
• Stressful life events, disordered eating, depression, and anxiety were significant mediators.

Conclusions:

• Adults screening positive for ADHD face an elevated risk of physical multimorbidity.
• Identifying and managing adult ADHD is vital for mitigating risks of poorer health outcomes.
• Addressing mediating factors like stress, disordered eating, depression, and anxiety is important.