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Triglyceride-lowering trials.

Anthony C Keech1, Alicia J Jenkins

  • 1aNHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney bDepartment of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales cDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, St. Vincents Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Current Opinion in Lipidology
|September 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High triglyceride levels increase cardiovascular risk and pancreatitis. New treatments targeting triglyceride metabolism are emerging, but clinical outcome data for cardiovascular risk reduction is limited.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Elevated triglyceride levels are increasingly recognized as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and acute pancreatitis.
  • Understanding the molecular pathways of triglyceride metabolism is crucial for developing targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on the independent role of high triglyceride levels in cardiovascular risk.
  • To discuss the association between high triglycerides and acute pancreatitis.
  • To explore emerging therapeutic strategies for managing hypertriglyceridemia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature and clinical trial data.
  • Analysis of findings from natural experiments, including Mendelian randomization studies.
  • Evaluation of ongoing and recently developed pharmacological interventions.

Main Results:

  • Mendelian randomization studies illuminate molecular pathways in triglyceride metabolism, linking lower triglyceride levels to reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) rates.
  • Development of novel agents targeting triglyceride metabolism, including apolipoprotein CIII inhibitors and agents enhancing lipoprotein lipase activity.
  • Large-scale clinical trials are ongoing for purified fatty acid formulations and new fibrates.

Conclusions:

  • Managing elevated triglyceride levels represents a new therapeutic paradigm, with a growing focus on large-scale clinical trials.
  • Clinical outcome data demonstrating cardiovascular risk reduction remains limited.
  • While some drugs are approved for rare inherited disorders, safety and cost considerations are paramount.