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A framed, 16-image Kirkpatrick-Baez x-ray microscope.

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A new 16-image x-ray microscope achieves 6-μm resolution and 15-ps spacing, enabling detailed study of cryogenic target implosions. This advancement allows precise measurement of core size and shape, crucial for understanding fusion processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • X-ray Microscopy
  • Fusion Energy Research

Background:

  • High-resolution imaging is critical for understanding complex phenomena like inertial confinement fusion.
  • Previous x-ray microscopy techniques lacked the necessary temporal and spatial resolution to capture dynamic processes in fusion targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel 16-image Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB)-type x-ray microscope coupled with a high-speed framing camera.
  • To achieve unprecedented temporal (15 ps) and spatial (6 μm) resolution for imaging laser-plasma x-ray emission.
  • To apply this advanced diagnostic to study the stagnation phase of cryogenic deuterium-tritium (DT) target implosions.

Main Methods:

  • Assembly of a 16-image KB-type x-ray microscope using compact KB mirrors.
  • Integration with a high-speed framing camera featuring four independently gated strips with precise timing control.
  • Operation in the 2- to 8-keV energy range to image laser-plasma x-ray emission from DT implosions.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a framed resolution of approximately 6 μm.
  • Obtained a temporal spacing between frames of approximately 15 ps.
  • Successfully imaged the evolution of the implosion stagnation region in cryogenic DT targets.

Conclusions:

  • The framed, multi-image KB microscope provides unprecedented time and spatial resolution for diagnosing cryogenic implosions.
  • Accurate determination of core emission size and shape at stagnation peak is now possible.
  • These measurements, combined with other diagnostics, allow inference of core pressures exceeding 50 Gbar in OMEGA implosions.