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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Current Radiographic Iodinated Contrast Agents.

Maria Vittoria Spampinato1, Ahad Abid2, Maria Gisele Matheus1

  • 1Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street MSC 323, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America
|October 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Millions of yearly radiologic exams use iodinated contrast agents. Research continues to find safer, more effective triiodobenzoic acid-based contrast media for improved patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Computed tomographyContrast mediaDigital subtraction angiographyIodinated contrast agentsIodineTriiodobenzoic acid

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology and Medical Imaging
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Millions of radiologic examinations utilize iodinated contrast media annually in North America.
  • The primary contrast agent molecule is triiodobenzoic acid, a benzene ring with three iodine atoms.
  • Iodinated contrast media are classified into four categories: ionic monomers, ionic dimers, nonionic monomers, and nonionic dimers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of iodinated contrast media.
  • To highlight the ongoing challenge and importance of developing safer and more effective contrast agents.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on iodinated contrast media.
  • Classification of contrast media based on chemical structure and properties.
  • Discussion of current clinical practice regarding contrast agent generations.

Main Results:

  • Second- and third-generation nonionic low-osmolar and iso-osmolar contrast media are presently used.
  • Triiodobenzoic acid derivatives form the basis of current iodinated contrast agents.

Conclusions:

  • The development of novel iodinated contrast agents is an active and critical area of research.
  • The pursuit of enhanced safety and efficacy in contrast media remains a significant challenge.