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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

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Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Related Experiment Video

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Rapid Model to Evaluate the Anti-Obesity Potential of a Combination of Syzygium aromaticum Clove and Cuminun cyminum Cumin on C57BL6/j Mice Fed High-Fat Diet
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Decaffeinated green and black tea polyphenols decrease weight gain and alter microbiome populations and function in

Susanne M Henning1, Jieping Yang2, Mark Hsu2

  • 1Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Warren Hall 14-166, 900 Veteran Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. shenning@mednet.ucla.edu.

European Journal of Nutrition
|October 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Green tea and black tea polyphenols aid weight loss by altering gut bacteria and increasing AMPK. Black tea polyphenols boost short-chain fatty acid production, while green tea polyphenols act directly on the liver.

Keywords:
AMPK phosphorylationBlack teaGreen teaMicrofloraObesityPolyphenolsShort-chain fatty acids

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Nutritional Science
  • Gut Microbiome and Metabolism Research
  • Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research

Background:

  • Tea polyphenols, including those from green tea (GT) and black tea (BT), are known to inhibit weight gain in mice on obesogenic diets.
  • The gut microbiota is a significant factor in the development of obesity.
  • The role of intestinal microflora in the anti-obesogenic effects of tea polyphenols requires elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of intestinal microflora in the anti-obesogenic effects of decaffeinated green tea polyphenols (GTP) and black tea polyphenols (BTP).
  • To determine how GTP and BTP influence gut bacterial composition and host metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet, supplemented with GTP or BTP, or a low-fat/high-sucrose diet for 4 weeks.
  • Bacterial composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
  • Hepatic 5'adenosylmonophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation was measured by Western blot, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were analyzed by gas chromatography.

Main Results:

  • GTP and BTP diets altered gut microbiota composition, decreasing Firmicutes and increasing Bacteroidetes.
  • Specific bacterial genera (e.g., Blautia, Lactobacillus, Barnesiella) were correlated with weight loss.
  • BTP increased SCFA production, particularly propionic acid, and Pseudobutyrivibrio abundance. Both GTP and BTP significantly increased hepatic AMPK phosphorylation.

Conclusions:

  • Both BTP and GTP promote weight loss by modulating the gut microbiota and enhancing hepatic AMPK phosphorylation.
  • BTP's effect on AMPK may be mediated by increased intestinal SCFA production.
  • GTP's effect on hepatic AMPK may be due to direct action of GTP in the liver.