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Related Concept Videos

RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

10.0K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

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Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
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RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

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The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
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RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

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5.5K
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

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Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 22, 2026

A Nonsequencing Approach for the Rapid Detection of RNA Editing
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A Nonsequencing Approach for the Rapid Detection of RNA Editing

Published on: April 21, 2022

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Visualizing Nuclear RNA Editing.

Hodaya Hochberg1, Yaron Shav-Tal1

  • 1The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences & Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.

Trends in Biochemical Sciences
|October 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

RNA editing converts adenosine to inosine in messenger RNAs (mRNAs). A new technique, inosineFISH (inoFISH), allows researchers to visualize edited and unedited mRNAs within cells.

Keywords:
RNA FISHRNA editingnuclear retentionparaspeckles

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • RNA editing is a crucial post-transcriptional modification involving adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) conversion in messenger RNAs (mRNAs).
  • Genomic studies have identified millions of RNA editing sites across metazoans, highlighting its prevalence.
  • However, understanding the spatial distribution and cellular localization of RNA editing has remained a significant challenge due to limitations in existing detection methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel method for visualizing RNA editing events within intact cells.
  • To enable the spatial analysis of edited and unedited mRNA molecules in their native cellular environment.

Main Methods:

  • Development of inosineFISH (inoFISH), a fluorescence in situ hybridization-based technique.
  • inoFISH allows for the simultaneous detection of both edited (inosine-containing) and unedited (adenosine-containing) mRNA molecules.

Main Results:

  • inoFISH successfully detects edited and unedited mRNAs within intact cells.
  • This method provides spatial information on RNA editing events at the single-cell level.

Conclusions:

  • inoFISH overcomes previous limitations in studying the spatial aspects of RNA editing.
  • This technique opens new avenues for investigating the functional and spatial roles of RNA editing in cellular processes.