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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Fabrication of Large-area Free-standing Ultrathin Polymer Films
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Development of Functional Thin Polymer Films Using a Layer-by-Layer Deposition Technique.

Kentaro Yoshida1

  • 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ohu University.

Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
|October 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Layer-by-layer deposition created stable insulin films and microcapsules. These functional materials show promise for oral insulin delivery systems, protecting insulin in the stomach and releasing it in the intestines.

Keywords:
drug delivery systemlayer-by-layermicrocapsule

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Developing effective oral insulin formulations is challenging due to degradation in the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition offers a versatile method for creating functional thin films and microstructures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prepare and characterize functional thin films and microcapsules containing insulin using LbL deposition.
  • To evaluate the stability and drug release profiles of these insulin-loaded systems under varying pH conditions.

Main Methods:

  • LbL deposition of insulin with negatively charged polymers (PAA, PVS, DS) and positively charged polymers (PAH).
  • Preparation of insulin-loaded microparticles and microcapsules using poly(lactic acid) (PLA) microbeads and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) microparticles.
  • Assessment of film stability in acidic and physiological conditions, including presence of pepsin.
  • Evaluation of insulin release from microcapsules at different pH values (acidic vs. pH 7.4).

Main Results:

  • LbL films with negatively charged polymers demonstrated stability in acidic conditions (pH 1.4) and in the presence of pepsin, but decomposed at physiological pH.
  • Films with positively charged polymers were unstable in acidic conditions.
  • Insulin-loaded LbL films were successfully fabricated on flat substrates and microparticles (PLA microbeads).
  • Insulin-containing microcapsules showed accelerated release at pH 7.4 and suppressed release in acidic solutions.

Conclusions:

  • LbL deposition provides a robust method for creating stable, insulin-loaded thin films and microcapsules.
  • The pH-dependent release characteristics suggest potential for oral insulin delivery.
  • Insulin-loaded microcapsules are a promising platform for developing orally administered insulin formulations.