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Related Concept Videos

Toxicity Testing in Animals01:23

Toxicity Testing in Animals

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Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...
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Accidental selenium toxicosis in lambs.

Christina M McKenzie1, Ahmad N Al-Dissi1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4.

The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La Revue Veterinaire Canadienne
|October 3, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute selenium toxicosis in young lambs, resulting from accidental over-supplementation, led to severe respiratory distress and sudden death. Necropsy revealed critical organ damage, including heart and muscle necrosis, and fluid accumulation in the chest and around the heart.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Toxicology
  • Animal Pathology

Background:

  • Selenium is an essential trace element crucial for animal health.
  • Over-supplementation can lead to toxicosis with severe clinical and pathological consequences.
  • Accidental overdosing in livestock requires thorough investigation of causative factors and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document a case of acute selenium toxicosis in young lambs.
  • To identify the clinical signs and pathological lesions associated with selenium over-supplementation.
  • To highlight the risks of improper selenium administration in animal husbandry.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a flock of 3-week-old lambs experiencing acute mortality.
  • Clinical observation of affected lambs, noting signs like dyspnea and cyanosis.
  • Post-mortem examination to identify pathological changes, including organ necrosis and effusions.

Main Results:

  • Accidental intramuscular over-supplementation of selenium was identified as the cause.
  • Affected lambs exhibited severe dyspnea, cyanosis, and rapid death.
  • Pathological findings included myocardial necrosis, skeletal muscle necrosis, pulmonary edema, hydrothorax, and hydropericardium.

Conclusions:

  • Acute selenium toxicosis is a significant risk in young lambs due to improper dosing.
  • Clinical signs and pathological lesions are indicative of severe systemic toxicity.
  • Strict adherence to recommended selenium supplementation protocols is vital to prevent fatal outcomes in livestock.