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Related Experiment Video

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A Chronically Implantable Bidirectional Neural Interface for Non-human Primates.

Misako Komatsu1, Eriko Sugano2, Hiroshi Tomita2

  • 1Ichinohe Group, Laboratory for Molecular Analysis of Higher Brain Function, RIKEN Brain Science InstituteSaitama, Japan.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|October 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new optogenetic device for chronic brain stimulation and recording in non-human primates. This micro-LED and ECoG array enables long-term neural monitoring with minimal brain trauma, advancing optogenetic applications.

Keywords:
brain–machine interface (BMI)common marmosetelectrocorticography (ECoG)monkeyoptogenetics

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optogenetics

Background:

  • Optogenetics offers potential for epilepsy, neuroprosthetics, and neural circuit studies.
  • Clinical translation requires chronic stimulation/monitoring devices with minimal brain trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a chronically implantable device for brain photostimulation in non-human primates.
  • To enable simultaneous photostimulation and electrocorticography (ECoG) recording.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a micro-light-emitting diode (LED) array on a flexible polyimide film.
  • Combined the micro-LED array with a whole-cortex ECoG electrode array.
  • Epidurally implanted the device in common marmosets after viral transduction of Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) in the cerebral cortex.

Main Results:

  • Successfully recorded neural activity during photostimulation in awake monkeys for 4 months.
  • Observed a gradual increase in neural responses for ~8 weeks post-injection, stabilizing for the next 8 weeks.
  • Demonstrated semi-invasive, simultaneous stimulation and recording capabilities with long-term implantation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed micro-LED and ECoG device allows for chronic, semi-invasive optogenetic stimulation and neural recording in non-human primates.
  • This represents significant progress towards clinical applications of optogenetics.
  • The device facilitates long-term studies of neural circuit dynamics and therapeutic interventions.