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Clinicals And Upper Airway Characteristics in Obese Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Eli O Martinelli1, Fernanda Louise M Haddad1, Renato Stefanini1

  • 1Universidade Federal de São Paulo.

Sleep Science (Sao Paulo, Brazil)
|October 3, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Obesity in children is linked to a high rate of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Enlarged tonsils and a high Mallampati score were identified as key factors associated with OSA in this pediatric group.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Obesity is a known risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults.
  • The association between obesity and OSA in children is less understood and remains controversial.
  • This study investigates the clinical and upper airway characteristics of obese children with and without OSA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare clinical and upper airway characteristics between obese children with and without OSA.
  • To identify factors associated with OSA in obese children.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study included 44 obese children (BMI > 95th percentile).
  • Data collected via questionnaires, physical examination, nasofibrolaryngoscopy, polysomnography, and allergy testing.
  • Logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated factors.

Main Results:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was diagnosed in 43% of the obese children studied.
  • No significant differences were found in clinical or allergic parameters between groups.
  • Hypertrophy of pharyngeal and palatine tonsils, and a modified Mallampati index of class III/IV were associated with OSA.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of OSA is high in this cohort of obese children.
  • Adenotonsillar hypertrophy and a modified Mallampati index of class III/IV are significant factors associated with OSA in obese children.
Abstract

Keywords:
ObesityObstructive sleep apneaPalatine tonsilPharynxPhysical examination

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