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Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
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Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection
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Linezolid and Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci: A Therapeutic Problem.

Garima Yadav1, Bhaskar Thakuria2, Molly Madan3

  • 1Junior Resident, Department of Microbiology, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|October 4, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study found that enterococci, particularly E. faecalis, are a significant cause of nosocomial infections, exhibiting high-level aminoglycoside resistance and resistance to vancomycin and linezolid, posing treatment challenges.

Keywords:
High-level aminoglycoside resistanceHigh-level gentamycin-resistanceHigh-level streptomycin resistanceLinezolid resistant enterococci

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Enterococci are opportunistic pathogens causing difficult-to-treat nosocomial infections.
  • They possess intrinsic and acquired resistance to numerous antibiotics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and identify clinically significant Enterococcus species.
  • To determine the antibiotic resistance patterns of these isolates.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 200 Enterococcus isolates from clinical samples over one year.
  • Identification using biochemical tests; antibiotic susceptibility by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion.
  • High-Level Gentamycin Resistance (HLGR), High-Level Streptomycin Resistance (HLSR), vancomycin, and linezolid resistance confirmed by agar dilution and VITEK 2.

Main Results:

  • E. faecalis (84.5%) was the predominant species, followed by E. faecium (13.5%).
  • High-Level Aminoglycoside Resistance (HLAR) was prevalent: 12.5% HLGR, 6.5% HLSR, and 31% combined.
  • Vancomycin resistance (7%) and linezolid resistance (2%) were observed, with specific resistance mechanisms identified.

Conclusions:

  • Enterococcus isolates from hospitalized patients show concerning resistance to vancomycin and linezolid.
  • High prevalence of HLAR in these isolates limits therapeutic options.
  • Urgent strategies are needed to manage multidrug-resistant enterococcal infections.