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Home Based Care as an Approach to Improve the Efficiency of treatment for MDR Tuberculosis: A Quasi-Experimental
Neha Taneja1, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan2, Shailaja Daral3
1Senior Resident, Department of Community Medicine, NDMC Medical College and Hindu Rao Hospital, Delhi, India.
Introduction:
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB) has emerged as a significant public health problem in India. The prolonged treatment duration in MDR TB is a challenge in achieving treatment completion and poses a threat to TB control in the country. Home based care is an approach accepted by patients because it helps in ameliorating their understanding of TB, improving the compliance and reducing stigma in the community.
Aim:
To assess the outcome of Home-Based Care (HC) versus No Home-Based Care (NHC) on the treatment of MDR TB patients registered at two chest clinics in Eastern Delhi.
Materials And Methods:
A quasi-experimental study was done among diagnosed MDR TB patients receiving Category IV regimen under Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) from two government chest clinics in Eastern Delhi during May 2014 to May 2016. In the control arm, 50 MDR TB patients at one of the chest clinics were offered the standard Category IV regimen under RNTCP; while in the intervention arm, 50 MDR TB patients at the second chest clinic were provided home based care (counselling, support for completion of treatment, rehabilitation, and nutritional support) along with the standard treatment. The primary outcome assessed was outcome of treatment, while secondary outcomes included stigma faced due to the disease, and impact of disease on family and community life.
Results:
The primary outcome data was available for 32 (64%) participants in the intervention arm, and 38 (76%) participants in control arm. The treatment was significantly more successful in the intervention arm (p<0.03). The data on secondary outcomes was available for all participants. Stigma due to disease was significantly lower in the intervention arm (p<0.01); also rejection faced by participants from family and community due to disease was significantly lower among the HC group (p<0.05).
Conclusion:
Home-based care in MDR TB treatment holds potential in improving treatment outcomes of patient.
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