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Related Concept Videos

Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
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Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
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Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
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Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

Self-Discrepancy Theory

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One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.  
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Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression
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The interaction between 5-HTTLPR genotype and ruminative thinking on BMI.

Robbie Schepers1, C Robert Markus1

  • 1Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience,University Maastricht,6229 ER Maastricht,The Netherlands.

The British Journal of Nutrition
|October 4, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) S-allele may increase weight gain risk, but only in individuals who frequently ruminate. This suggests cognitive factors moderate the gene

Keywords:
5-HTTLPRBCI bootstrap CIBDI Beck Depression InventoryERRI Event Related Rumination InventoryHPA hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenalL longS shortEmotional eatingRuminationStressWeight gain

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Stress and negative affect can increase consumption of energy-dense foods, leading to weight gain.
  • Reduced brain serotonin function is linked to increased stress vulnerability and eating disorders.
  • The serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) short allele is associated with less efficient serotonin function and higher stress vulnerability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the 5-HTTLPR S-allele contributes to weight gain, particularly in individuals with high levels of rumination.
  • To explore the moderating role of cognitive rumination on the relationship between 5-HTTLPR genotype and body mass.

Main Methods:

  • Genotyping for 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in 827 healthy college students.
  • Assessment of rumination using the Event Related Ruminative Index.
  • Measurement of body weight and calculation of Body Mass Index (BMI).

Main Results:

  • A hierarchical regression analysis revealed higher BMI scores in individuals carrying the S-allele and high rumination.
  • The S-allele of 5-HTTLPR was associated with increased BMI specifically in high ruminators (P=0.031, f²=0.022).

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive rumination acts as a critical moderator in the association between 5-HTTLPR genotype and body mass.
  • The genetic predisposition for weight gain related to the 5-HTTLPR S-allele may be contingent on psychological factors like rumination.