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Immunoadsorption for collagen and rheumatic diseases.

¹Juntendo University, Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Japan.

Transfusion and Apheresis Science : Official Journal of the World Apheresis Association : Official Journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis

|October 4, 2017

Summary

Therapeutic apheresis, specifically immunoadsorption, offers a safe and effective alternative for treating severe autoimmune and rheumatic diseases when drugs fail. This method selectively removes harmful autoantibodies, improving patient outcomes without the risks of blood product transfusions.

Keywords:

Immunoadsorption Lupus nephritis Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus Rheumatoid arthritis Systemic lupus erythematosus

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Area of Science:

Rheumatology
Immunology
Nephrology

Background:

Conventional drug therapies are insufficient for some patients with collagen and rheumatic diseases.
Organ damage, comorbidities, or allergies can limit drug treatment options.
Therapeutic apheresis presents a significant alternative for managing intractable autoimmune conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the role and efficacy of therapeutic apheresis, particularly immunoadsorption, in treating collagen and rheumatic diseases.
To compare immunoadsorption with other apheresis techniques like plasma exchange and DFPP.
To discuss indications, methods, and clinical outcomes of immunoadsorption for autoimmune diseases.

Main Methods:

Immunoadsorption utilizes high-affinity columns to selectively remove autoantibodies and immune complexes from plasma.
This method preserves essential plasma components, eliminating the need for plasma or albumin replacement.
The study reviews existing literature and clinical data on immunoadsorption applications.

Main Results:

Immunoadsorption offers a safer alternative to plasma exchange and DFPP by avoiding risks associated with transfusions.
Selective removal of pathogenic factors leads to improved clinical conditions in patients with autoimmune diseases.
The technique is indicated for collagen and rheumatic diseases refractory to conventional drug therapy.

Conclusions:

Immunoadsorption is a valuable therapeutic option for intractable autoimmune and rheumatic diseases.
Future research should explore synchronized therapies combining drugs with immunoadsorption.
This approach enhances safety and efficacy, particularly in complex clinical scenarios.