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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Age-related changes in the knee meniscus.

Akira Tsujii1, Norimasa Nakamura2, Shuji Horibe3

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Aging causes changes in the meniscus, leading to knee osteoarthritis (OA). Understanding these age-related changes is key to preventing meniscal dysfunction and OA progression.

Keywords:
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)AgingCellular senescenceMeniscusOsteoarthritis

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Orthopedics
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major health burden, with aging as its primary risk factor.
  • Meniscal degeneration, often linked to OA, is influenced by extrinsic factors and internal aging processes.
  • Limited understanding exists regarding the specific age-related changes within the meniscus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current knowledge on the natural aging process of the meniscus.
  • To clarify the molecular and cellular changes associated with meniscal aging.
  • To establish the link between meniscal aging and dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed (1948-2016).
  • Inclusion of English-language articles focusing on natural aging of the meniscus.
  • Synthesis of findings related to compositional, cellular, and tissue-level changes.

Main Results:

  • Aging alters meniscus composition, affecting cells, collagens, and proteoglycans.
  • Meniscal cell senescence may disrupt tissue homeostasis.
  • Accumulation of advanced glycation end-products increases tissue stiffness and vulnerability, leading to degeneration and tears.

Conclusions:

  • Age-related changes render meniscal tissue more vulnerable.
  • Meniscal tissue vulnerability ultimately results in meniscal dysfunction.
  • Understanding meniscal aging is crucial for addressing knee OA.