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Red cell alloimmunization among antenatal women attending tertiary care center in Jamnagar, Gujarat, India.

Asian journal of transfusion science·2021
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Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload
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Red cell alloimmunization in repeatedly transfused patients.

Dimel K Bhuva1, Jitendra H Vachhani1

  • 1Department of Immunohaematology and Blood Transfusion, M. P. Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India.

Asian Journal of Transfusion Science
|October 4, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Alloimmunization occurs in 3% of patients receiving repeated transfusions. Identifying red cell alloantibodies and providing antigen-negative blood units is crucial to prevent transfusion reactions.

Keywords:
Alloantibodiesantibody identificationantibody screening

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Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Repeated blood transfusions can lead to alloantibody formation against red blood cell antigens.
  • This alloimmunization complicates future transfusions and increases the risk of adverse reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and types of red cell alloantibodies in repeatedly transfused patients.
  • To investigate factors associated with alloantibody development, including transfusion frequency and patient demographics.

Main Methods:

  • Serum/plasma samples from 300 patients with >10 transfusions were analyzed.
  • Antibody screening and identification were performed using antihuman globulin gel cards and cell panels.

Main Results:

  • Three percent (9 out of 300) of patients exhibited alloimmunization.
  • No new alloantibodies were developed during the study period, indicating pre-existing sensitization.

Conclusions:

  • Identification of red cell alloantibodies is essential in chronically transfused individuals.
  • Transfusing antigen-negative blood units can minimize antibody-mediated destruction of transfused red cells.