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Compulsory Schooling Laws and Migration Across European Countries
Ainhoa Aparicio Fenoll1,2, Zoë Kuehn3
1Collegio Carlo Alberto, Via Real Collegio 30, 10024, Moncalieri, TO, Italy. ainhoa.aparicio@carloalberto.org.
Demography
|October 4, 2017
Summary
Increasing compulsory education by one year reduces migration by 9%. This study analyzes compulsory schooling laws and migration patterns across 31 European countries.
Area of Science:
- Economics
- Sociology
- Education Policy
Background:
- Educational attainment is a significant determinant of individual migration decisions.
- Compulsory schooling laws set minimum education levels and may influence migration patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the causal relationship between compulsory schooling laws and migration behavior.
- To quantify the impact of increased compulsory education on migration rates in Europe.
Main Methods:
- Construction of a novel database on compulsory education reforms in 31 European countries (1950-1990).
- Analysis of recent cohort migration flows in conjunction with education reform data.
- Empirical tests to ensure the exogeneity of compulsory schooling laws.
Main Results:
- An additional year of compulsory education is associated with a 9% reduction in migration among affected cohorts.
- The findings are robust, supported by tests indicating legislators did not react to emigration trends when implementing reforms.
Conclusions:
- Lengthening compulsory schooling is an effective policy lever for reducing international migration.
- Educational policies have a direct and quantifiable impact on labor mobility.
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