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Published on: September 22, 2019
Multifocal necrotising leucoencephalopathy following Salmonella infection in an immunocompetent patient
Michael A O'Gara1, Sonali Dharia1, David Hilton2
1Department of Neurology, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK.
Abstract:
Multifocal necrotising leucoencephalopathy is a rare disorder affecting the central nervous system. It is characterised pathologically by microscopic areas of necrosis with pontine predilection but also involvement of extrapontine regions, including the cerebellum, medulla and cerebral hemispheres. It usually occurs on the background of immunosuppression. Here we describe an immunocompetent patient with a recent history of Salmonella infection who presented with subacute neurological deterioration. At postmortem, she had evidence of multifocal necrotising leucoencephalopathy.
Insights
Multifocal necrotising leucoencephalopathy is a rare central nervous system disorder. This case report details an immunocompetent individual with Salmonella infection who developed this condition.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pathology
- Infectious Disease
Background:
- Multifocal necrotising leucoencephalopathy (MNL) is a rare central nervous system disorder.
- Pathologically, it involves microscopic necrosis, primarily in the pons but also other brain regions.
- MNL typically occurs in immunosuppressed individuals.
Observation:
- This report describes an immunocompetent patient.
- The patient had a recent history of Salmonella infection.
- The patient presented with subacute neurological deterioration.
Findings:
- Postmortem examination confirmed multifocal necrotising leucoencephalopathy.
- This case highlights MNL in an immunocompetent host following Salmonella infection.
Implications:
- This case expands the known clinical spectrum of MNL.
- It suggests a potential link between Salmonella infection and MNL in immunocompetent individuals.
- Further research may elucidate the mechanisms involved.
