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Correlation of Peripheral Immunity With Rapid Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Progression.

Benjamin J Murdock1, Tingting Zhou2, Samy R Kashlan1

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

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|October 4, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) involves immune changes, with increased leukocytes, neutrophils, and natural killer cells observed. Early immune cell alterations correlate with disease progression, suggesting a role in ALS pathology.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neurology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is understood to have an immune component, yet human studies have not longitudinally examined these immune changes.
  • Understanding temporal immune system alterations in ALS is crucial for elucidating disease mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate peripheral inflammatory markers in individuals with ALS and healthy controls.
  • To track immune system changes over time in ALS patients.
  • To determine if immune changes correlate with ALS disease progression.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal cohort study involving 119 ALS patients and 35 controls.
  • Peripheral blood samples were collected and analyzed for immune cell populations and surface marker expression.
  • Multivariate regression was used to correlate immune metric changes with ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) scores.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with ALS exhibited elevated counts of total leukocytes, neutrophils, CD16+ and CD16- monocytes, and natural killer cells compared to controls.
  • An acute, transient increase in HLA-DR, CD11c, and CX3CR1 expressing CD11b+ myeloid cells was noted.
  • Early changes in neutrophil and CD4 T cell counts significantly correlated with ALS disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates that immune system changes occur during the course of ALS.
  • These observed immune alterations may play a role in the pathological features of ALS.
  • Longitudinal immune monitoring could offer insights into disease trajectory and potential therapeutic targets.