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Fungi are a diverse group of eukaryotes more closely related to animals than other eukaryotes. Fungal cell walls comprise chitin, a polysaccharide that provides structural strength, and glucans, which contribute to flexibility and integrity. Other polysaccharides, such as mannans and galactosans, may supplement or replace chitin in some fungi. These adaptations, along with their preference for acidic environments and tolerance for high osmotic pressure, enable fungi to thrive in various...
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Fungal Lactamases: Their Occurrence and Function.

Minglu Gao1, Anthony E Glenn2, Alex A Blacutt1

  • 1Department of Plant Pathology, The University of Georgia, AthensGA, United States.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|October 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fungi possess lactamase genes, similar to bacterial enzymes, likely for degrading environmental xenobiotic lactams. This fungal lactamase discovery offers insights into microbial competition and resistance mechanisms.

Keywords:
Fusarium verticillioidesfungilactamssoilβ-lactamases

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Biochemistry
  • Microbial Ecology

Background:

  • Fungi compete with microbes using xenobiotic compounds.
  • Fungal resistance to xenobiotics often involves degrading enzymes.
  • Bacterial β-lactamases degrade β-lactam antibiotics, a significant health concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the presence and function of lactamase genes in fungi.
  • Understand the role of fungal lactamases in environmental adaptation and resistance.
  • Explore the evolutionary significance of lactamase gene amplification in fungi.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic analysis of fungal genomes to identify lactamase-encoding genes.
  • Sequence alignment and domain analysis (PFAM domains PF00753, PF00144).
  • Structural prediction of fungal lactamases.

Main Results:

  • Identified numerous fungal genes encoding proteins similar to bacterial β-lactamases.
  • Observed a strong correlation between environmental niche complexity and lactamase gene copy number in fungi.
  • Found that soil-borne fungi, particularly *Fusarium* species, exhibit significant amplification of these genes.
  • Structural predictions suggest similar catalytic mechanisms to bacterial lactamases.

Conclusions:

  • Fungal lactamases likely function in degrading environmental xenobiotic lactam compounds from plants or microbes.
  • These enzymes may contribute to fungal fitness and resistance in competitive environments.
  • The study provides the first in-depth analysis of fungal lactamases and their ecological relevance.