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Updated: Feb 21, 2026

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Cutaneous Metaplastic Synovial Cyst: A Case Report.

Mina Majdi1, Hana Saffar1, Alireza Ghanadan1,2

  • 1Dept. of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran.

Iranian Journal of Pathology
|October 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Cutaneous metaplastic synovial cysts (CMSC) are rare subcutaneous nodules. This case highlights a CMSC presenting without prior trauma, expanding its differential diagnosis for deep dermal cysts.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatopathology
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Cutaneous metaplastic synovial cysts (CMSC) are uncommon lesions.
  • Typically associated with prior trauma or surgery.
  • Characterized by synovial tissue within a cystic structure.

Observation:

  • A 51-year-old male presented with a painless, deep-seated dermal nodule on the left ankle.
  • No history of trauma or surgery at the affected site.
  • Histopathology revealed a cystic lesion with villous projections lined by metaplastic synovial tissue.

Findings:

  • Immunohistochemistry showed positive CD68 expression in the cystic wall.
  • Negative S-100 staining.
  • The lesion was diagnosed as a CMSC despite the absence of typical predisposing factors.
Keywords:
ImmunohistochemistryMetaplastic Synovial CystSynovial Cyst

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Implications:

  • This case expands the clinical presentation of CMSC.
  • Suggests trauma may not always be a prerequisite for CMSC development.
  • CMSC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of deep dermal cysts, even in the absence of a clear history of injury.