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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

21.0K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
21.0K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

31.1K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
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Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

11.4K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
11.4K
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

50.9K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
50.9K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

18.6K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
18.6K
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

21.8K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...
21.8K

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Updated: Feb 21, 2026

The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique
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The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique

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The Intermetalloid Cluster Cation (CuBi8 )3.

Maximilian Knies1, Martin Kaiser1, Anna Isaeva1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|October 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers synthesized novel bismuth-copper clusters, (CuBi8 )[AlCl4 ]2 [Al2 Cl7 ] and (CuBi8 )[AlCl4 ]3, using ionic liquids. These air-sensitive crystals feature a unique intermetalloid cluster, expanding the chemistry of bismuth compounds.

Keywords:
bismuthcluster compoundscoordination modescopperintermetalloid clusters

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Synthesis of Nine-atom Deltahedral Zintl Ions of Germanium and their Functionalization with Organic Groups
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Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides
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Synthesis of Nine-atom Deltahedral Zintl Ions of Germanium and their Functionalization with Organic Groups
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Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • Ionic liquids, such as 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride-aluminum trichloride ([BMIm]Cl⋅4AlCl3), serve as versatile reaction media for synthesizing novel inorganic compounds.
  • Bismuth and copper are known to form various intermetallic compounds, but the synthesis of complex bismuth clusters with transition metals remains an area of active research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel bismuth-containing intermetalloid clusters.
  • To investigate the structural and bonding properties of these new cluster compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Reaction of bismuth (Bi), bismuth(III) chloride (BiCl3), and copper(I) chloride (CuCl) in the ionic liquid [BMIm]Cl⋅4AlCl3 at 180°C.
  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction for structural determination of the synthesized compounds.
  • Density Functional Theory (DFT)-based calculations and real-space bonding analysis to elucidate bonding characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of air-sensitive shiny black crystals of (CuBi8 )[AlCl4 ]2 [Al2 Cl7 ] and (CuBi8 )[AlCl4 ]3.
  • X-ray diffraction revealed monoclinic structures containing the novel intermetalloid cluster (CuBi8 )3+.
  • The (CuBi8 )3+ cluster is the first pure bismuth cluster with a 3d metal and exhibits multicenter bonding between copper and bismuth atoms.

Conclusions:

  • The study reports the first pure bismuth cluster incorporating a 3d transition metal (copper) that does not typically form binary intermetallics with bismuth.
  • The cluster can be described as a copper(I) cation coordinated by a Bi82+ polycation or as a nine-atomic intermetalloid nido-cluster.
  • DFT calculations confirm multicenter bonding within the cluster, highlighting unique electronic interactions between copper and bismuth.