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Using Mobile Phones to Improve Vaccination Uptake in 21 Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Systematic Review.

Clare Oliver-Williams1,2, Elizabeth Brown3,4, Sara Devereux5,6

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JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth
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Mobile health (mHealth) interventions show promise for improving vaccination coverage, but more research is needed. Evidence is limited in low-resource settings, hindering policy development for increased childhood immunizations.

Keywords:
cell phonescommunicationglobal healthmHealthtelemedicinevaccination

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Informatics
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Vaccination benefits are proven, yet coverage disparities persist due to systemic issues and parental factors.
  • Engaging local stakeholders in communication strategies can enhance vaccination uptake.
  • Mobile health (mHealth) interventions offer a potential avenue to improve vaccination rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review literature on mHealth interventions for improving vaccination.
  • Focus on low- and middle-income countries with significant unvaccinated populations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search across databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science) and health organization websites.
  • Included studies from February 2017, focusing on 21 countries.
  • Identified mHealth intervention studies related to vaccination uptake.

Main Results:

  • Included 10 peer-reviewed and 11 white/gray literature studies.
  • Interventions primarily in India, Pakistan, Malawi, and Nigeria.
  • Positive impact on vaccination uptake observed with reminders, apps, and prerecorded messages in most studies.

Conclusions:

  • mHealth interventions demonstrate clear potential for improving vaccination coverage.
  • Current evidence base is insufficient, particularly in high-burden countries.
  • Lack of studies impedes evidence-based policy and practice for immunization.