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Emerging Properties and Functional Consequences of Noncoding Transcription.

Ryan Ard1, Robin C Allshire2,3, Sebastian Marquardt4

  • 1Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

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Summary

The function of most long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) remains unclear, as many are rapidly degraded. Emerging evidence suggests that the process of transcription, not the RNA itself, may be key to their function.

Keywords:
RNA Polymerase II transcriptionchromatingene regulationlong noncoding RNA (lncRNA)nascent transcriptionnoncoding transcriptiontranscription cycletranscriptional interference

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Eukaryotic genomes contain numerous transcription units for long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs).
  • The precise biological role of most lncRNAs is currently unknown.
  • Many lncRNAs are rapidly degraded after transcription.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the functional significance of lncRNA transcription.
  • To investigate the hypothesis that the act of transcription, rather than the RNA product, is functionally important.
  • To differentiate features of coding versus noncoding transcription and their functional implications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent findings on lncRNA transcription.
  • Comparative analysis of coding and noncoding transcription features.
  • Discussion of the implications of transcription differences for lncRNA function.

Main Results:

  • Growing support for the idea that transcription itself, not the lncRNA molecule, drives function.
  • Noncoding transcription may explain the function of low-abundance lncRNAs.
  • Emerging features distinguish coding from noncoding transcription.

Conclusions:

  • The functional consequences of noncoding transcription warrant further investigation.
  • Understanding the differences between coding and noncoding transcription is crucial for deciphering lncRNA roles.
  • Transcription as a functional mechanism offers a plausible explanation for lncRNA activity.