Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 21, 2026
12:04
Engineering Oncogenic Heterozygous Gain-of-Function Mutations in Human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
Published on: March 10, 2023
5.0K
Familial hematological malignancies
Shinsuke Hirabayashi1, Atsushi Manabe1
1Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital.
[Rinsho Ketsueki] the Japanese Journal of Clinical Hematology
|October 6, 2017
Summary
Familial hematological malignancies were classified using the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. This study details these cancers, incorporating recent genomic discoveries and updated classifications for myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Genetics
Background:
- The World Health Organization (WHO) classification of hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors was last updated in 2008.
- Cancer genome studies reveal inherited genetic drivers influencing clonal evolution in cancer cells.
- Revisions to myeloid neoplasm and acute leukemia categories were published in a 2016 monograph.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe familial hematological malignancies.
- To apply the 2016 WHO classification to familial hematological malignancies.
- To integrate recent genomic findings into the classification of these cancers.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the 2016 edition of the WHO classification.
- Analyzed familial hematological malignancies.
- Incorporated data from cancer genome studies.
Main Results:
- Detailed classification of familial hematological malignancies based on the 2016 WHO criteria.
- Identification of inherited genetic drivers predisposing to cancer.
- Demonstrated clonal evolution in cancer cells.
Conclusions:
- The 2016 WHO classification provides a framework for understanding familial hematological malignancies.
- Genomic insights are crucial for refining cancer classifications.
- Further research into familial hematological malignancies is warranted.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Hematopoiesis
9.2K
The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
9.2K
01:21Lineage Commitment
4.5K
Commitment is the process whereby stem cells:
4.5K
01:22Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants
1.7K
Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy...
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy...
1.7K
01:19Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
4.0K
The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
4.0K
01:20Overview of Hematopoiesis
10.3K
Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
10.3K
02:21Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell
15.0K
Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
15.0K