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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients
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A population-based prospective study of optic neuritis.

K Soelberg1, S Jarius2, Hpb Skejoe3

  • 1Departments of Regional Health Research and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark/Odense Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark/Department of Neurology, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark/Department of Neurology, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark/Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|October 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study estimates the incidence of optic neuritis (ON) and its conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS). It found MOG-IgG antibody-associated ON in 4% of cases, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis.

Keywords:
EpidemiologyMRIbiomarkersclinically isolated syndromemultiple sclerosisneuromyelitis optica spectrum disease

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-ophthalmology
  • Clinical Neurology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Optic neuritis (ON) is frequently linked to multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Timely diagnosis of ON is crucial for effective patient management and prognosis.
  • Understanding ON incidence and associated conditions is vital for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of acute optic neuritis (ON) in a defined population.
  • To assess the rate of conversion from ON to multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To identify cases of antibody-mediated ON, specifically those involving aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG and myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based prospective study conducted from 2014 to 2016.
  • Inclusion of patients from three ophthalmology departments and 44 ophthalmologists.
  • Comprehensive evaluations including ophthalmological and neurological exams, MRI, and serological testing for AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG.

Main Results:

  • 51 patients met the criteria for ON out of 63 evaluated; the incidence was 3.28 per 100,000 person-years.
  • A female predominance (2.2:1 ratio) and a median age of 38 years were observed.
  • 20 patients (39%) were diagnosed with MS, with 17 showing MRI evidence of dissemination in space and time. MOG-IgG was detected in 2 patients (4%).

Conclusions:

  • The prospective incidence of ON was successfully estimated.
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) facilitated the diagnosis of MS in a significant subset of patients.
  • Antibody-mediated ON, specifically MOG-IgG, was identified in 4% of the studied cases.