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Related Concept Videos

The Influence of Cognition on Affect01:29

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

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Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...
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Emotional Expression01:26

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Emotional expression encompasses how individuals convey their emotions through verbal communication and non-verbal cues. These non-verbal actions include facial expressions, body language, and physical gestures, such as frowning or smiling. Among these, facial expressions play a crucial role in emotional expression and are understood universally, indicating a biological basis for how humans communicate emotions.
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Richard Lazarus' cognitive mediational theory highlights the pivotal role of cognitive appraisal in shaping emotional responses. According to this theory, the evaluation of a stimulus — based on personal values, goals, beliefs, and expectations — mediates the emotional response. This appraisal process is immediate and often occurs unconsciously, influencing the intensity and nature of the resulting emotion.
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Labeling Emotion01:20

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Emotional labeling is a cognitive process that involves identifying and naming one's emotions, such as anger, fear, happiness, or sadness. It allows individuals to recognize and express their internal emotional states, a critical aspect of emotional regulation and communication. Labeling emotions requires more than mere recognition; it also involves drawing upon memory and contextual cues to understand the current situation and apply a corresponding emotional label. For instance, feeling...
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Self-Regulation01:25

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Self-regulation, also known as self-control, encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioral processes that allow individuals to adjust their internal states and outward actions to align with socially acceptable norms and long-term goals. It plays a fundamental role in adaptive functioning, from resisting impulsive behaviors to persisting through challenging tasks. While its benefits are widely recognized, self-regulation is not limitless. Muraven and Baumeister's theory posits that...
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Cognitive Theories: Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion01:20

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Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer proposed the two-factor theory of emotion, which emphasizes the interplay between physiological arousal and cognitive labeling in forming emotional experiences. This theory suggests that emotions are not simply a result of physiological responses but rather a combination of these responses and the individual's cognitive interpretation of them.
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Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation
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Explicit and implicit emotion regulation: a multi-level framework.

Laura Martin Braunstein1, James J Gross2, Kevin N Ochsner1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
|October 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new framework to understand emotion regulation strategies. It categorizes these strategies by their goals and control levels, aiding future research in neuroscience and psychology.

Keywords:
amygdalaemotion regulationexplicitimplicitprefrontal cortex

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Adaptive emotion regulation is crucial for mental and physical health.
  • Existing approaches to classifying emotion regulation strategies are numerous and varied.
  • A structured framework is needed to organize the diverse methods of emotion regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and explore the utility of a novel framework for classifying emotion regulation strategies.
  • To provide a multi-level organization of emotion regulation based on behavioral, psychological, and neural aspects.
  • To guide future research directions in the neural bases of emotion regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a multi-level framework distinguishing four fundamental classes of emotion regulation strategies.
  • Conceptualization of psychological processes along two orthogonal dimensions: goal explicitness (implicit to explicit) and control (automatic to controlled).
  • Review of existing human and animal research on the neural underpinnings of emotion regulation.

Main Results:

  • The proposed framework offers a systematic way to categorize emotion regulation strategies.
  • It integrates behavioral characteristics, psychological processes, and neural systems.
  • The framework highlights the interplay between implicit/explicit goals and automatic/controlled processes.

Conclusions:

  • The presented framework provides a valuable tool for organizing and understanding emotion regulation.
  • It facilitates a deeper investigation into the neural mechanisms of emotion regulation.
  • This multi-level approach is essential for advancing research in affective neuroscience and clinical psychology.