Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Generation of Straight or Branched Actin Filaments01:14

Generation of Straight or Branched Actin Filaments

3.9K
The straight or branched structure formation of actin filaments is controlled by nucleating proteins such as the formins and Arp2/3 complex. Formin-mediated assembly results in straight filaments, whereas Arp2/3 protein complex-mediated assembly results in branched actin filaments.
Arp2/3 Complex
Arp2/3 complex is a seven-subunit complex consisting of two proteins similar to actin- Arp2 and Arp3, and five other subunits that help keep Arp2 and Arp3 inactive. When required, the complex is...
3.9K
Mechanism of Filopodia Formation01:39

Mechanism of Filopodia Formation

3.3K
Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
3.3K
The Phragmoplast01:59

The Phragmoplast

6.4K
Cell division is essential for organismal growth and development. In animal cells, the central spindle and its associated proteins form the midbody, a structure that has an essential role in cytokinesis. In plants, the central spindle, along with the microtubules, actin, and other cell components, matures into the phragmoplast, which is necessary for cytokinesis. Unlike the stationary midbody, the phragmoplast expands centrifugally, eventually leading to the formation of the new cell wall.
The...
6.4K
Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

10.4K
Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
10.4K
Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

6.7K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
6.7K
Surface Appendages of Archaea01:23

Surface Appendages of Archaea

718
Archaeal surface appendages are highly specialized structures essential for environmental adaptation, encompassing roles in adhesion, biofilm formation, and motility. Among these appendages, pili and archaella stand out for their distinct morphologies and functionalities, enabling archaea to thrive in diverse and often extreme environments.Pili: Adhesion and Biofilm FormationPili are filamentous structures assembled from pilin protein subunits, primarily contributing to adhesion and biofilm...
718

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Advanced pulmonary carcinoid managed with chemoimmunotherapy and antiangiogenic agent: A case report and literature review.

Molecular and clinical oncology·2026
Same author

Function behind choreography: cytoskeletal, nuclear, and mechanical dynamics drive growth transition in root hair development.

The Plant cell·2026
Same author

Plant-protein non-dairy creamers: A comprehensive review of structural modifications and processing innovations for improved performance.

Food chemistry: X·2026
Same author

Self-assembly of wheat gluten: A perspective on enhancing the structural and functional properties of wheat gluten.

Advances in colloid and interface science·2026
Same author

Feasibility and Effectiveness of Cyanoacrylate-Assisted BRTO for Gastric Varices and Splenorenal Shunts.

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR·2026
Same author

Effects of defatting treatments on flavor components and lipid characteristics in bowl-steamed Tan lamb: A comprehensive investigation based on lipidomics and multi-platform flavor analysis.

Food chemistry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification TRAP to Investigate Arabidopsis thaliana Root Development at a Cell Type-Specific Scale
09:41

Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification TRAP to Investigate Arabidopsis thaliana Root Development at a Cell Type-Specific Scale

Published on: May 14, 2020

13.0K

Phyllotactic regularity requires the Paf1 complex in Arabidopsis.

Kateryna Fal1, Mengying Liu1, Assem Duisembekova1

  • 1Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRA, F-69342, Lyon, France.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|October 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Plant phyllotaxis regularity relies on VIP proteins, part of the RNA polymerase II-associated factor 1 complex (Paf1c). Mutations in Paf1c disrupt spatial organ patterning, showing its crucial role in meristem development and auxin activity.

Keywords:
AuxinMeristemPaf1cPhyllotaxisReproducibilityVariability

More Related Videos

Real-time Imaging of Plant Cell Surface Dynamics with Variable-angle Epifluorescence Microscopy
06:31

Real-time Imaging of Plant Cell Surface Dynamics with Variable-angle Epifluorescence Microscopy

Published on: December 12, 2015

9.5K
Functional Complementation Analysis FCA: A Laboratory Exercise Designed and Implemented to Supplement the Teaching of Biochemical Pathways
09:27

Functional Complementation Analysis FCA: A Laboratory Exercise Designed and Implemented to Supplement the Teaching of Biochemical Pathways

Published on: June 24, 2016

18.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification TRAP to Investigate Arabidopsis thaliana Root Development at a Cell Type-Specific Scale
09:41

Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification TRAP to Investigate Arabidopsis thaliana Root Development at a Cell Type-Specific Scale

Published on: May 14, 2020

13.0K
Real-time Imaging of Plant Cell Surface Dynamics with Variable-angle Epifluorescence Microscopy
06:31

Real-time Imaging of Plant Cell Surface Dynamics with Variable-angle Epifluorescence Microscopy

Published on: December 12, 2015

9.5K
Functional Complementation Analysis FCA: A Laboratory Exercise Designed and Implemented to Supplement the Teaching of Biochemical Pathways
09:27

Functional Complementation Analysis FCA: A Laboratory Exercise Designed and Implemented to Supplement the Teaching of Biochemical Pathways

Published on: June 24, 2016

18.2K

Area of Science:

  • Plant developmental biology
  • Molecular genetics
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Plants exhibit precise spatial (phyllotaxis) and temporal (plastochron) organ initiation.
  • Previous research identified mutants with altered architecture, primarily affecting plastochron or altering phyllotaxis patterns.
  • The molecular control of phyllotaxis regularity remained largely unelucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular basis of phyllotaxis regularity in plants.
  • To determine the role of VIP proteins and the Paf1c complex in spatial patterning.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of plant mutants affecting VIP proteins (Paf1c components).
  • Quantification of divergence angles between successive organs.
  • Mathematical analysis to differentiate phyllotaxis from plastochron defects.
  • Investigation of auxin activity patterns at the meristem.

Main Results:

  • Mutations in VIP3 and VIP6 (Paf1c subunits) led to increased variance in phyllotaxis.
  • These phyllotaxis defects were not solely attributable to plastochron alterations.
  • Defects in spatial auxin activity patterns at the meristem were observed in vip3 mutants.
  • Paf1c function is essential for regular, auxin-dependent spatial patterning.

Conclusions:

  • Phyllotaxis regularity is dependent on the function of VIP proteins within the Paf1c.
  • Paf1c plays a critical role in the spatial patterning of organs at the plant meristem.
  • The findings highlight Paf1c's involvement in auxin-mediated developmental processes crucial for plant architecture.