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Host-microbiota interplay in mediating immune disorders.

Krysta M Felix1, Shekha Tahsin1, Hsin-Jung Joyce Wu1,2

  • 1Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|October 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in immune balance. Imbalances in gut bacteria (dysbiosis) are linked to autoimmune diseases, offering potential targets for new therapies.

Keywords:
age effectautoimmunityinnate and adaptive immunitymicrobiota

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • The immune system requires balance to fight pathogens without causing self-damage.
  • Gut microbiota are vital for immune homeostasis, but dysbiosis is linked to autoimmune diseases.
  • Factors like age and gender influence gut microbiota composition and immune health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of how gut microbiota influence autoimmune diseases.
  • To explore the impact of age and gender on microbiota-immune interactions.
  • To discuss mechanisms of microbiota-induced autoimmunity and extraintestinal diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advances in gut microbiota and immunology research.
  • Analysis of factors affecting gut microbiota composition (age, gender).
  • Examination of molecular mechanisms and immune cell migration pathways.

Main Results:

  • Gut microbiota composition is influenced by age and gender, affecting immune disorders.
  • Specific commensal bacteria possess significant immunomodulatory properties.
  • Gut microbiota can induce autoimmunity and trigger extraintestinal diseases via immune cell migration.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding gut microbiota-host immune interactions is key to deciphering immune disorder pathogenesis.
  • Age-related microbiota changes present diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities.
  • Novel immuno- or microbe-targeted therapies can be developed based on these interactions.