Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

In Vitro Fertilization01:24

In Vitro Fertilization

1.1K
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...
1.1K
Fertilization01:38

Fertilization

92.2K
During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
92.2K
Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

4.9K
Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
4.9K
Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

608
Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
608
In-vitro Mutagenesis01:16

In-vitro Mutagenesis

16.9K
To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
16.9K
Reproductive Cloning01:27

Reproductive Cloning

32.9K
Reproductive cloning is the process of producing a genetically identical copy—a clone—of an entire organism. While clones can be produced by splitting an early embryo—similar to what happens naturally with identical twins—cloning of adult animals is usually done by a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic...
32.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Challenges and recommendations in establishing national human diversity genomic projects.

Nature methods·2026
Same author

Trends in psychological distress during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from a population-based Costa Rican cohort study.

Public health·2025
Same author

COVID-19 and long-term impact on symptoms and Health-Related Quality of Life in Costa Rica: the RESPIRA cohort study.

BMC infectious diseases·2024
Same author

Recent advancements in the use of Bobbitt's salt and 4-acetamidoTEMPO.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2023
Same author

Systematic exploration of a decade of publications on psychiatric genetics in Latin America.

American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics·2023
Same author

Identity-by-descent analysis of a large Tourette's syndrome pedigree from Costa Rica implicates genes involved in neuronal development and signal transduction.

Molecular psychiatry·2022

Related Experiment Videos

IVF in Costa Rica.

Carlos Valerio1, Karen Vargas1, Henriette Raventós2

  • 1Escuela de Salud Pública, Universidad de Costa Rica.

JBRA Assisted Reproduction
|October 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Costa Rica

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive medicine and bioethics.
  • International reproductive law and policy.
  • Human embryology and assisted reproductive technologies.

Background:

  • Costa Rica prohibited in vitro fertilization (IVF) for 16 years (2001-2016).
  • The ban was based on the argument of embryo protection, making Costa Rica unique globally.
  • IVF was previously successful in Costa Rica between 1995 and 2000.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document the judicial and legal challenges in Costa Rica concerning IVF.
  • To analyze the conflict that led to the prohibition and subsequent lifting of the IVF ban.
  • To provide a historical account of the reestablishment of IVF services in Costa Rica.

Main Methods:

  • Review of legal and judicial records pertaining to IVF in Costa Rica.
Keywords:
Human Rightsright to equality and non-discriminationright to privacythe right to form a familythe right to libertythe right to personal integrity

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of ethical arguments and societal conflicts surrounding the IVF ban.
  • Chronological recounting of the legislative and court battles.

    • Main Results:

    • The 16-year ban on IVF in Costa Rica was overturned.
    • The first baby born after the ban was lifted arrived in March 2017.
    • A complex interplay of legal, ethical, and judicial factors influenced the outcome.

    Conclusions:

    • The lifting of the IVF ban signifies a major shift in reproductive policy in Costa Rica.
    • The case highlights the complexities of balancing embryo protection arguments with reproductive rights.
    • This historical account offers insights into the legal evolution of assisted reproductive technologies globally.