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Related Concept Videos

Tight Junctions01:29

Tight Junctions

7.7K
Tight junctions are molecular seals between cells that prevent the leaking of fluids, ions, and other small solutes across cavities and compartments in multicellular organisms. They are mainly composed of claudin and occludin transmembrane proteins, and other proteins such as tricellulin and JAM (junctional adhesion molecule). All these proteins are 4-pass transmembrane proteins, except JAM, which is a single-pass transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The...
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Membrane Domains01:18

Membrane Domains

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The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other critical cellular processes. These domains can differ in size, composition, function, and lifespan.
Protein Domains
The membrane comprises a group of distinct proteins responsible for carrying out a cell's specific function. For example, the plasma membrane of the human sperm, or a single germ cell, contains a unique set of proteins in the...
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Membrane Fluidity01:26

Membrane Fluidity

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Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is...
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Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement01:27

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement

248
Body:After oral administration, poor permeability often limits the rate at which drugs are absorbed through the intestinal epithelium. Enhancing drug permeability is crucial for effective therapy, and several strategies have been developed to overcome this challenge.One effective strategy involves the use of lipid-based formulations. These formulations enhance dissolution and solubility, targeting physiological mechanisms to increase drug absorption. This includes stimulating bile salt...
248
Types of Membrane Protrusions01:28

Types of Membrane Protrusions

3.8K
The protrusion of the cell surface is an initial step for several cellular processes, including cell migration, phagocytosis, and neurite outgrowth. These membrane protrusions are a result of cytoskeletal rearrangement. The most  widely observed cell protrusions include lamellipodia, pseudopodia, filopodia, microvilli, invadopodia, and podosomes. These protrusions can be of two types — static or dynamic.
The microvilli, an example of stable protrusions, are finger-like projections...
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Anchoring Junctions01:03

Anchoring Junctions

5.3K
Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Multifunctional, Micropipette-based Method for Incorporation And Stimulation of Bacterial Mechanosensitive Ion Channels in Droplet Interface Bilayers
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Dodecylmaltoside Modulates Bicellular Tight Junction Contacts To Promote Enhanced Permeability.

K Gradauer1,2, M Iida3, A Watari3

  • 1Global Research, Novo Nordisk A/S , DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark.

Molecular Pharmaceutics
|October 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Dodecylmaltoside (DDM) enhances oral drug absorption by increasing intestinal permeability, primarily through paracellular routes. DDM interacts with tight junction proteins, affecting cell layers and improving drug delivery.

Keywords:
claudinslipid raftsmaltosidepermeation enhancementtight junctions

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Functional Assessment of Intestinal Tight Junction Barrier and Ion Permeability in Native Tissue by Ussing Chamber Technique
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Functional Assessment of Intestinal Tight Junction Barrier and Ion Permeability in Native Tissue by Ussing Chamber Technique
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Sensing of Barrier Tissue Disruption with an Organic Electrochemical Transistor
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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Cell Biology
  • Drug Delivery

Background:

  • Intestinal permeation enhancers are vital for oral drug formulations to ensure sufficient drug absorption.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms of these enhancers is crucial for optimizing drug delivery systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular interactions of dodecylmaltoside (DDM), a surfactant-like permeation enhancer, with Caco-2 cells.
  • To determine the contribution of paracellular and transcellular routes to DDM-mediated permeation enhancement.
  • To elucidate the specific tight junction proteins affected by DDM.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Caco-2 cell monolayers to assess the transport of marker compounds ([3H]-mannitol for paracellular and [3H]-propranolol for transcellular routes).
  • Measured transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) to evaluate the impact of DDM on cell layer integrity.
  • Employed sulfo-NHS-SS-biotin to localize DDM's action site and Western blot analysis to identify interactions with tight junction proteins.

Main Results:

  • DDM (0.5 mM) significantly enhanced [3H]-mannitol permeation (approx. 6-fold) with minimal effect on [3H]-propranolol transport, indicating paracellular enhancement.
  • TEER measurements showed rapid DDM action with quick recovery, suggesting transient effects on cell layer integrity.
  • Biotin translocation localized DDM's effect towards bicellular contacts, and Western blot revealed DDM's interaction with tight junction proteins, reducing claudin-3, -4, occludin, and depleting claudin-2 from lipid rafts.

Conclusions:

  • DDM primarily enhances intestinal permeation via the paracellular pathway.
  • DDM's mechanism involves transient modulation of tight junctions, specifically affecting claudins and occludin.
  • These findings provide a deeper understanding of DDM's molecular actions, aiding in the design of improved oral drug formulations.