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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 21, 2026

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Aerobic Exercise During Encoding Impairs Hippocampus-Dependent Memory.

Keishi Soga1, Keita Kamijo1, Hiroaki Masaki1

  • 11 Waseda University.

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Aerobic exercise during memory encoding may impair hippocampus-dependent memory. This study found lower source accuracy and altered brain activity when encoding information while cycling, suggesting inefficient memory formation.

Keywords:
event-related potentialsfamiliarityrecollectionsource memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Aerobic exercise is known to benefit cognitive function.
  • However, the impact of exercise during the memory encoding phase on specific memory processes, particularly hippocampus-dependent recollection, remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise during memory encoding on hippocampus-dependent memory processes.
  • To differentiate the impact on recollection versus familiarity using behavioral and electrophysiological measures.

Main Methods:

  • A within-participants design was employed with young adults.
  • Participants performed a memory encoding task either while cycling (aerobic exercise) or seated (rest condition).
  • Retrieval was assessed behaviorally and using event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to measure familiarity and recollection.

Main Results:

  • Source accuracy was significantly lower when encoding occurred during exercise compared to rest.
  • The parietal old/new effect, associated with recollection, was present during the exercise condition but absent during rest.
  • These ERP findings suggest exercise-induced hippocampal activation during encoding.

Conclusions:

  • Aerobic exercise performed during the memory encoding phase appears to impair hippocampus-dependent memory, specifically recollection.
  • This impairment may stem from inefficient source encoding processes during aerobic exercise.
  • The findings highlight a potential trade-off between physical exertion and memory encoding efficacy.