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Related Concept Videos

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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Controlled Cortical Impact Model of Mouse Brain Injury with Therapeutic Transplantation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Cells
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Cellular therapy for traumatic neurological injury.

Charles S Cox1

  • 1McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas.

Pediatric Research
|October 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Stem cell therapies show promise for neurological injuries like traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury. Current trials explore cell replacement and tissue repair strategies to improve patient recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Therapy

Background:

  • Neurological injuries are a leading cause of death and disability in children.
  • Current treatment options for neurological injuries offer limited reparative potential.
  • Stem/progenitor cell therapies are being developed to enhance recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cell therapy strategies for neurological injuries.
  • To differentiate approaches for diffuse injuries (TBI) versus discrete injuries (SCI, stroke).
  • To highlight progress in regenerative medicine for neurological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on cell therapy for neurological injuries.
  • Characterization of cell replacement/tissue integration strategies.

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  • Characterization of immunomodulation/endogenous repair strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • Phase IIb and I/IIa clinical trials are ongoing for TBI and spinal cord injury.
    • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) presents unique challenges due to its diffuse nature.
    • Localized injuries may benefit more from cell replacement interventions.

    Conclusions:

    • Cell therapy strategies are diverse, including cell replacement and immunomodulation.
    • The nature of the neurological injury (diffuse vs. discrete) influences therapeutic approach.
    • Regenerative medicine holds potential for improving outcomes in neurological injury.