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Related Concept Videos

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems01:26

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

53
Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
53
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

38
Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
38
Formulation and Manufacturing Process: Physical Attributes of Generic Tablets and Capsules01:18

Formulation and Manufacturing Process: Physical Attributes of Generic Tablets and Capsules

356
Bioequivalence in generic drugs, such as tablets and capsules, refers to their pharmaceutical equivalence to the brand-name counterparts. However, for therapeutic equivalence, manufacturers must also consider physical attributes like size, shape, and weight (FDA Guidance for Industry, December 2003). Discrepancies in these aspects could impact patient compliance and cause medication errors. For instance, swallowing difficulties, often experienced with larger tablets or capsules, can lead to...
356
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

28
Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
28
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters01:28

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

652
Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
652
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

47
Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
47

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Simulation of a Scaled Assembly Process with Collaboration of a Robotic Arm and Monitoring through a Vision System for Quality Control
05:47

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Published on: August 29, 2025

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Development and implementation of an advanced model predictive control system into continuous pharmaceutical tablet

Aparajith Bhaskar1, Fernando N Barros1, Ravendra Singh1

  • 1Engineering Research Center for Structured Organic Particulate Systems (ERC-SOPS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|October 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary

An advanced control system using model predictive control (MPC) and real-time measurement improved tablet manufacturing quality. This system effectively controlled tablet weight and breaking force, outperforming traditional methods for continuous pharmaceutical production.

Keywords:
Continuous processingModel generationModel predictive controlPharmaceuticalSensitivity analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Manufacturing
  • Process Control Engineering
  • Quality by Design (QbD)

Background:

  • Continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing requires robust control systems to maintain critical quality attributes (CQAs) and meet regulatory standards.
  • The Quality by Design (QbD) paradigm emphasizes achieving desired product quality through process understanding and control.
  • Variations in upstream processes can impact final product quality in continuous oral dosage manufacturing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and implement an advanced model predictive control (MPC) architecture for continuous direct compaction tablet manufacturing.
  • To integrate a novel real-time tablet weight measurement method with the MPC system.
  • To demonstrate the capability of the proposed control architecture to simultaneously manage tablet weight and breaking force.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of an advanced model predictive control (MPC) architecture in a continuous direct compaction tablet manufacturing pilot-plant.
  • Integration of a novel real-time tablet weight measurement technique.
  • Systematic decoupling and cascading of control loops for simultaneous control of tablet weight and breaking force.
  • Utilizing main compression height and fill depth as actuators to control main and pre-compression forces.

Main Results:

  • The developed MPC architecture successfully controlled tablet weight and breaking force simultaneously.
  • Experimental results showed the MPC algorithm outperformed the traditional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller.
  • The system demonstrated enhanced manufacturability and quality of pharmaceutical tablets.

Conclusions:

  • The advanced MPC architecture with real-time measurement offers a superior approach to controlling CQAs in continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing.
  • This methodology provides new strategies for developing MPC models and control systems to improve pharmaceutical product quality.
  • The findings support the broader application of MPC for enhancing quality and efficiency in continuous manufacturing processes.