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Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

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Targeting mitochondrial function and proteostasis to mitigate dynapenia.

Robert V Musci1, Karyn L Hamilton1, Benjamin F Miller2

  • 1Translational Research on Aging and Chronic Disease Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1582, USA.

European Journal of Applied Physiology
|October 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to dynapenia, an age-related decline in muscle function. Improving mitochondrial health through interventions like aerobic exercise may mitigate this decline.

Keywords:
AgingDynapeniaMitochondriaProteostasis

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Skeletal Muscle Physiology
  • Mitochondrial Biology

Background:

  • Sarcopenia, the loss of muscle mass, is a primary target for aging muscle interventions.
  • Dynapenia, the age-related decline in muscle function independent of mass, presents a distinct challenge in aging skeletal muscle.
  • Age-related decline in protein homeostasis mechanisms, including protein turnover, compromises muscle maintenance and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of mitochondria in maintaining skeletal muscle proteostasis.
  • To explore how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to dynapenia.
  • To highlight interventions that can improve mitochondrial function and combat dynapenia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on skeletal muscle aging, protein homeostasis, and mitochondrial function.
  • Analysis of the energetic demands of protein turnover and somatic maintenance.
  • Examination of the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on ATP generation and substrate flux.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondria play a crucial role in skeletal muscle proteostasis by providing energy for protein turnover and substrate flux.
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction with aging reduces ATP production, limiting energy available for muscle growth and maintenance.
  • Accumulation of protein damage with age increases the need for somatic maintenance, exacerbating the effects of mitochondrial dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Improving mitochondrial function is key to promoting a cellular environment conducive to somatic maintenance.
  • Interventions targeting mitochondrial health can mitigate dynapenia and improve skeletal muscle function in aging.
  • Aerobic exercise is a promising intervention for enhancing mitochondrial function and addressing dynapenia.