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Identification and Quantification of Deranged Metabolites in Critically Ill Patients Using NMR-Based Metabolomics
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Identification and Quantification of Deranged Metabolites in Critically Ill Patients Using NMR-Based Metabolomics

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Nutritional and systemic metabolic disorders.

Serge Weis1, Andreas Büttner2

  • 1Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Kepler University Hospital and School of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|October 9, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neurologic symptoms can arise from vitamin deficiencies, metabolic disorders, and brain calcifications. Understanding these conditions is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment of cognitive and motor impairments.

Keywords:
Fahr diseaseidiopathic basal ganglia calcificationmetabolic encephalopathiesvitamin deficiencies

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Neurodegeneration

Background:

  • Vitamin deficiency disorders present diverse neurologic signs and symptoms with unclear pathogenesis.
  • Metabolic encephalopathies, including hepatic, hypoglycemic, and uremic types, are critical in diagnosing cognitive impairment, motor disturbances, psychiatric symptoms, seizures, and neuropathies.
  • Brain calcifications, both vascular and parenchymal, are observed in normal aging and neurodegeneration, with some associated genes identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the neurologic manifestations of vitamin deficiency disorders.
  • To highlight the importance of considering metabolic encephalopathies in differential diagnoses.
  • To discuss the role of calcifications in the aging and degenerating brain.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of neurologic disorders associated with vitamin deficiencies.
  • Analysis of diagnostic considerations for metabolic encephalopathies.
  • Examination of the occurrence and genetic associations of brain calcifications.

Main Results:

  • Vitamin deficiencies can lead to a wide spectrum of neurologic and psychiatric symptoms.
  • Metabolic encephalopathies share overlapping symptoms with other neurologic conditions, necessitating careful differential diagnosis.
  • Brain calcifications are a common finding in aging and neurodegenerative diseases, with genetic links.

Conclusions:

  • Neurologic symptoms require a broad differential diagnosis encompassing nutritional, metabolic, and degenerative causes.
  • Early identification of metabolic disturbances and calcification patterns can aid in patient management.
  • Further research into the pathogenesis of vitamin deficiency-related neurologic disorders is warranted.