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09:29
Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds
Published on: October 29, 2015
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Acute and chronic viral infections.
Nikolaus Deigendesch1, Werner Stenzel1
1Department of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|October 9, 2017
Summary
Viruses can cause central nervous system (CNS) infections, ranging from mild to severe neurological diseases. Understanding these neurotropic viruses and their impact on the CNS is crucial for disease management.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Viruses are significant contributors to global disease burden, frequently causing central nervous system (CNS) infections.
- While many viral CNS infections are mild, some lead to severe inflammation, neurological dysfunction, morbidity, and mortality.
- Viral neurotropism and pathogenicity are influenced by complex interactions between host factors (age, genetics) and viral characteristics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight clinically significant neurotropic viruses that cause CNS diseases like meningitis, encephalitis, and myelitis.
- To focus on the neuropathologic findings associated with these viral CNS infections.
- To underscore the balance between necessary immune response and potential immune-mediated pathology in the CNS.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on clinically important neurotropic viruses.
- Analysis of neuropathologic findings in human CNS infections.
- Discussion of host and viral factors influencing CNS inflammation and disease.
Main Results:
- Direct viral cytopathology is a primary cause of neurological symptoms in many infections.
- The host's immune response, while protective, can also contribute to CNS pathology.
- Viral CNS infections present a spectrum of outcomes, from self-limiting to severe and persistent neurological deficits.
Conclusions:
- A diverse range of viruses can infect the CNS, leading to various neurological conditions.
- Effective management requires understanding the interplay between viral factors, host immunity, and neuropathology.
- Further research into neurotropic viruses and host-pathogen interactions is essential for mitigating disease impact.
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