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Developmental and perinatal brain diseases.

Homa Adle-Biassette1, Jeffery A Golden2, Brian Harding3

  • 1Department of Pathology, Lariboisière Hospital, APHP and Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This chapter details normal nervous system development and the neuropathology of congenital and acquired disorders in children. Understanding malformations versus disruptions is key for pathogenesis and genetic counseling.

Keywords:
brain malformationschilddevelopmental neuropathologyfetusgeneticinfantneuropathologynormal brain development

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Pediatric Pathology

Background:

  • Normal nervous system development is complex and susceptible to various insults.
  • Acquired and secondary disorders can significantly impact embryonic, fetal, and childhood neurological development.
  • Understanding the origins of these disorders is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of neurological disorders affecting young individuals.
  • To differentiate between malformations and disruptions in the context of pathogenesis.
  • To highlight the importance of these distinctions for genetic counseling.

Main Methods:

  • Review of normal nervous system development.
  • Description of neuropathology and pathophysiology of acquired and secondary disorders.
  • Categorization of specific neurological conditions.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of CNS manifestations of chromosomal changes, patterning defects, and abnormal brain size.
  • Explanation of cell migration and specification disorders, hindbrain and spinal defects, and hydrocephalus.
  • Discussion of secondary malformations, destructive pathologies, vascular malformations, arachnoid cysts, and infections.

Conclusions:

  • The distinction between malformations and disruptions is critical for understanding disease mechanisms.
  • Accurate classification aids in predicting outcomes and providing effective genetic counseling.
  • This chapter serves as a foundational resource for pediatric neurological disorders.