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Surface-modified microbubbles (colloidal gas aphrons) for nanoparticle removal in a continuous bubble

Ming Zhang1, Pascal Guiraud1

  • 1LISBP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France.

Water Research
|October 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs) for enhanced nanoparticle (NP) removal via flotation. Surface-functionalized CGAs achieved 90%-99% removal of silica NPs, significantly outperforming traditional methods.

Keywords:
Colloidal gas aphronsContinuous flotationNanoparticle separation

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Conventional flotation struggles with nanoparticle (NP) removal due to low particle-bubble collision probability.
  • Surface-functionalized microbubbles, specifically colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs), offer a promising solution to enhance NP separation.
  • CGAs can be generated continuously and adapted for industrial flotation processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an enhanced flotation technique using surface-functionalized CGAs for nanoparticle removal.
  • To investigate the effect of surfactant type (CTAB and SDS) and operational parameters on CGA stability and flotation efficiency.
  • To compare the performance of CGA-flotation with traditional methods for silica nanoparticle (SiO2 NP) removal.

Main Methods:

  • Colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs) were generated using a modified Sebba system with Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as surfactants.
  • CGA size, stability (half-life), and drainage behavior were characterized under varying air flow rates.
  • Continuous CGA-flotation experiments were conducted using silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) to determine removal efficiencies across different conditions.

Main Results:

  • CGAs with sizes around 42-44 μm were produced, exhibiting half-lives sufficient for flotation (100-340 s).
  • CGA-flotation achieved high removal efficiencies for SiO2 NPs (90%-99%), significantly exceeding traditional methods (≤58%).
  • Smaller SiO2 NPs were removed more efficiently; CTAB-CGAs performed best in neutral to basic suspensions, while SDS-CGAs were effective across all pH ranges.

Conclusions:

  • Surface-functionalized CGAs provide a highly effective method for removing nanoparticles from aqueous suspensions via flotation.
  • The enhanced performance is attributed to the stable coating of surfactants on CGAs, ensuring efficient contact and utilization with nanoparticles.
  • CGA-flotation presents a superior alternative to conventional techniques for nanoparticle remediation, particularly for small-sized particles.