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Influence of Step-Width Manipulation on Running Biomechanics
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Walking with wider steps changes foot placement control, increases kinematic variability and does not improve linear

Jennifer A Perry1,2, Manoj Srinivasan1

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 42310, USA.

Royal Society Open Science
|October 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Human walking adapts to upper body disturbances by adjusting foot placement. Narrower steps reduce sideways foot placement responses, impacting gait variability but not overall walking stability.

Keywords:
feedback controlfoot placementstabilitystep widthwalking

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human locomotion
  • Gait analysis

Background:

  • Humans typically adjust foot placement in response to upper body perturbations during walking.
  • The influence of step width on this adaptive foot placement response remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how varying step widths affect the foot placement response to upper body perturbations during human walking.
  • To quantify changes in feedback gains relating torso motion to subsequent foot placement across different step widths.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments involved human subjects walking on a treadmill at various prescribed step widths.
  • Torso marker motion and foot placement were recorded.
  • A linear model was used to quantify the relationship between torso state and foot placement (feedback gains).

Main Results:

  • Increasing step width decreased the gain of sideways foot placement response to sideways torso motion.
  • Increasing step width also decreased the gain of fore-aft foot placement response to fore-aft torso motion.
  • Coupling between fore-aft foot placement and sideways torso motion increased with step width.

Conclusions:

  • Changes in foot placement feedback gains with step width did not significantly alter walking stability, as assessed by Floquet multipliers.
  • Despite stable walking dynamics, kinematic variability (foot placement and upper body motion) increased with altered step widths.