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Metabolic Status and Hypogonadism in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Males

Sarita Bajaj1, Yashaswi Pathak1, Sharad Varma2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Motilal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|October 10, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Hypogonadism is more common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected males. This condition is linked to age, CD4 count, and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) duration, but not BMI or metabolic status.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can impact endocrine function.
  • Hypogonadism, a condition of reduced testosterone production, is a potential complication in HIV-infected individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of hypogonadism in HIV-infected males.
  • To investigate the association between hypogonadism and factors like age, CD4 count, BMI, HAART duration, and metabolic status.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 81 HIV-positive males and 82 healthy controls.
  • Assessment included physical examination, serum glucose, A1c, lipid profile, total testosterone (TT), FSH, and LH levels.
  • Hypogonadism was defined by TT levels and/or compensatory hormonal markers and correlated with clinical and metabolic parameters.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of hypogonadism was significantly higher in HIV-infected males (25.9%) compared to controls (4.9%).
  • Hypogonadism was significantly associated with older age, lower CD4 count, and longer duration of HAART.
  • No significant association was found between hypogonadism and BMI, waist circumference, dyslipidemia, or dysglycemia.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-infected males exhibit a higher prevalence of hypogonadism than healthy individuals.
  • Age, CD4 count, and HAART duration are significant factors associated with hypogonadism in this population.
  • Hypogonadism in HIV-infected males is independent of BMI and metabolic disturbances like dyslipidemia and dysglycemia.
Abstract

Keywords:
Human immunodeficiency virushypogonadismmetabolic statusserum testosterone

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