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Education as Liberation?
Willa Friedman1, Michael Kremer2, Edward Miguel3
1University of Houston.
Economica
|October 10, 2017
Summary
Increased education for girls in Kenya reduced acceptance of domestic violence and political authority, boosting political knowledge. However, it did not increase political efficacy or participation, with some evidence suggesting increased acceptance of political violence.
Area of Science:
- Development Economics
- Political Science
- Sociology
Background:
- Education is often viewed as a tool for empowerment, particularly for disadvantaged groups.
- Understanding the multifaceted impacts of education on societal norms and political engagement is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the political and social consequences of enhanced educational attainment among young women.
- To assess how a merit scholarship program influences attitudes towards authority and civic participation.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a randomized girls' merit scholarship program in Kenya.
- Measured impacts on test scores, secondary schooling, acceptance of domestic violence, political knowledge, political efficacy, and participation.
Main Results:
- The scholarship program significantly raised test scores and secondary schooling rates.
- Participants showed reduced acceptance of domestic violence and political authority.
- Objective political knowledge among young women in program schools increased.
- No significant increase was observed in perceived political efficacy, community participation, or voting intentions.
- Suggestive evidence indicates an increased perception of the legitimacy of political violence.
Conclusions:
- Education can empower disadvantaged individuals to question established norms and authority.
- While education can foster critical thinking and reduce acceptance of certain inequalities, its impact on direct political engagement and efficacy is complex.
- Further research is needed to understand the nuanced relationship between education, societal change, and political attitudes, including the potential for increased acceptance of political violence.
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