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Patient Blood Management in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: A Review

Jill M Cholette1, David Faraoni2, Susan M Goobie3,4

  • 1From the Department of Pediatrics, Golisano Children's Hospital, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.

Anesthesia and Analgesia
|October 10, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Implementing comprehensive blood management strategies in pediatric cardiac surgery can reduce blood product transfusions. Further research is needed to understand the impact of these blood conservation practices on clinical outcomes in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Children undergoing cardiac surgery often require blood products due to hemostatic system alterations, hemodilution, hypothermia, and inflammation during cardiopulmonary bypass.
  • Complex surgical procedures, cardiopulmonary interactions, and risks of inadequate oxygen delivery and bleeding increase blood product utilization in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on anemia management and blood transfusion practices in perioperative pediatric cardiac surgery.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of blood conservation strategies in reducing transfusions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature on blood management in pediatric cardiac surgery.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on anemia management and transfusion practices.

Main Results:

  • Comprehensive blood management approaches are associated with decreased blood product transfusions in pediatric cardiac surgery.
  • Evidence suggests that safe, conservative blood management practices can be implemented across perioperative periods.

Conclusions:

  • Adoption of a comprehensive blood management approach effectively reduces blood transfusions in pediatric cardiac surgery.
  • The impact of these blood conservation strategies on clinical outcomes requires further investigation.

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