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Related Experiment Videos

Integrating "Evo" and "Devo": The Limb as Model Structure.

Nathan M Young1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, Building 9, Room 346, 2550?23rd Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.

Integrative and Comparative Biology
|October 10, 2017
PubMed
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Evolutionary developmental biology integrates limb development and diversity. Shared genetics influence limb integration and proportion diversity, revealing developmental mechanisms for evolutionary novelty.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary developmental biology (EDB)
  • Comparative genomics
  • Developmental evolution

Background:

  • Reconciling morphological diversity with conserved developmental mechanisms is a key EDB challenge.
  • Differing research approaches in evolutionary and developmental biology have historically limited integration.
  • The vertebrate limb offers a model system for integrating evolutionary and developmental perspectives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how limb variation in mammals, birds, and reptiles can inform EDB.
  • To investigate the interplay between genetic architecture, developmental integration, and phenotypic diversity in limbs.
  • To propose a model for limb proximo-distal axis development based on observed diversity patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing analyses of limb variation across tetrapod clades.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparative analysis of genetic mechanisms underlying limb development and integration.
  • Examination of phenotypic diversity patterns in limb segments.

    • Main Results:

    • Shared genetic architecture underlies developmental integration between limbs, promoting evolvability and interlimb proportion diversity.
    • Within-limb diversity shows a tradeoff between proximal and distal segments, with the middle segment being more conserved.
    • These patterns suggest an "inhibitory cascade" model for proximo-distal limb axis development.

    Conclusions:

    • Integrating evolutionary and developmental biology through limb studies generates novel, testable hypotheses for the origins of diversity.
    • Shared genetic mechanisms explain both limb integration and clade-specific diversity patterns.
    • Analysis of phenotypic diversity provides insights into underlying developmental mechanisms of variation generation.