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Diagnosis and Management of Noncardiac Complications in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: A Scientific Statement
Circulation
|October 11, 2017
Summary
Adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) face increased risks of chronic multisystem diseases due to improved survival. Noncardiac complications significantly impact long-term health and quality of life, necessitating further research for preventive interventions.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Adult Congenital Heart Disease
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Significant advancements in the past 3 decades have improved life expectancy and quality of life for individuals born with congenital heart disease (CHD).
- This success has led to an epidemiological shift, with a growing population of adults with CHD now at risk for chronic multisystem diseases.
- Noncardiac complications are increasingly recognized as major contributors to morbidity and mortality in this population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the growing burden of noncardiac complications in adults with CHD.
- To emphasize the impact of these complications on long-term outcomes and quality of life.
- To underscore the need for comprehensive care and further research into modifiable risk factors.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on adult congenital heart disease outcomes.
- Analysis of epidemiological trends and associated noncardiac morbidities.
- Identification of key noncardiac complications affecting survival and quality of life.
Main Results:
- Reduced survival is documented in adults with CHD experiencing renal dysfunction, restrictive lung disease, anemia, and cirrhosis.
- Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and its risk factors are increasingly prevalent as the CHD population ages.
- Psychosocial and cognitive development disorders are significant factors affecting quality of life.
Conclusions:
- Physicians caring for adults with CHD must consider the impact of noncardiac organ disease on patient well-being.
- Further research is essential to understand the long-term effects of noncardiac complications and to identify targets for preventive strategies.
- Addressing noncardiac comorbidities is crucial for optimizing the long-term health and quality of life for adults with CHD.
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